GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) ============================= .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 :caption: Contents: Baseline -------- Unless the documentation says otherwise, GCC version 8.5.0, provided by the base repository of `Red Hat Enterprise Linux`_ 8, is employed to compile the code of the packages marked as GCC-compatible (the name of the corresponding environment modules include the suffix "gcc"). Therefore, GCC version 8.5.0 is considered to be *the baseline version* used for compiling the most of the packages installed in the software repository. Users are adviced to stick to that particular version as much as possible and employ other (usually higher) versions of GCC only when it is necessary. .. important:: The default version of the libstdc++ library in the system is defined by the baseline version of the GCC. Supported versions ------------------ To check which `GCC`_ versions are currently supported on Discoverer, execute on the login node: .. code-block:: bash module avail gcc Loading ------- To obtain access to the latest GCC, load the environment module ``gcc/latest``: .. code:: bash module load gcc/latest otherwise replace ``latest`` with the reqired version. Compilers --------- Host/Target specification ......................... The provided GNU Compiler Collection matches the following host/target specification: **x86_64-pc-linux-gnu** More about the host and target specifications: https://gcc.gnu.org/install/specific.html Supported compilers and tools ............................. .. warning:: GCC package provides classic C, C++, and Fortran compilers only! If you are looking to find LLVM compilers, check the document :doc:`llvm`. The following classic compiles are provided by the GCC package: * ``gcc`` - C compiler * ``g++`` - C++ compiler * ``gfortran`` - Fortran compiler In addition to the classic compilers, the GCC package offers a suite of tools to facilitate the pre- and post-compilation processes: * ``gcc-ar`` - creates, modifies, and extracts from archives * ``gcc-nm`` - lists the symbols from object files * ``gcc-ranlib`` - generates an index to the contents of an archive and stores it in the archive * ``gcov`` - a test coverage program * ``gcov-dump`` - a tool you can use in conjunction with GCC to dump content of gcda and gcno profile files offline * ``gcov-tool`` - an offline tool to process gcc's gcda profile files * ``lto-dump`` - a tool you can use in conjunction with GCC to dump link time optimization object files Embedded Libraries (MPFR, GMP, MPC, ISL) ........................................ .. warning:: The baseline version of GCC does not come with embedded third-party libraries! Which implies that, if the presence of those libraries is required with the GCC baseline version, the relevant environment modules must be loaded explicitly (see :doc:`gmp`, :doc:`mpc`, :doc:`mpfr`, :doc:`isl`). All GCC builds installed in the software repository (excluding the baseline GCC version, which comes with the Linux distribution) embed the following third-party libraries: * `GNU MPFR`_ (GNU C library for arbitrary-precision floating-point arithmetic) * `GNU GMP`_ (GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library) * `GNU MPC`_ (C library for the arithmetic of complex numbers) * `ISL`_ (thread-safe C library for manipulating sets and relations of integer points bounded by affine constraints) That means you do not need to load those libraries explicitly through any other environment module. Once the GCC environment module is loaded the shared and static versions of those libraries become accessible from within the user environment. Compiler optimization flags for AMD Zen2 CPU -------------------------------------------- .. note:: The compute nodes of Dicoverer HPC are equipped with AMD EPYC 7H12 64-Core processors, which implies AMD Zen2 CPU architecture. The following compiler flags can be useful during the compile-time optimization of your binary code on AMD Zen2: .. code:: bash -march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2 For example: .. code:: bash gcc -march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2 ... g++ -march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2 ... gfortran -march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2 ... If GCC > 8 is loaded then ``-march`` and ``-mtune`` compiler flags can be assigned the value of ``znver2`` (much precise specification of the AMD Zen2 CPU microarchitecture): .. code:: bash gcc -march=znver2 -mtune=znver2 ... g++ -march=znver2 -mtune=znver2 ... gfortran -march=znver2 -mtune=znver2 ... .. important:: The use of ``-march=znver2`` implies ``-mfma``. More on the supported compiler flags: `AMD EPYC™ 7xx2-series Processors Compiler Options Quick Reference Guide`_ See also: `Best Practice Guide - AMD EPYC`_ Interaction with CMake ---------------------- It is recommended to specify the compiler executables when invoking ``cmake`` tool: .. code:: bash -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++ -DCMAKE_Fortran_COMPILER=gfortran The corresponding optimization compiler flags can be passed to ``cmake`` as well: .. code:: bash -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2" -DCMAKE_Fortran_FLAGS="-march=core-avx2 -mtune=core-avx2" or (GCC > 8): .. code:: bash -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-march=znver2 -mtune=znver2" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-march=znver2 -mtune=znver2" -DCMAKE_Fortran_FLAGS="-march=znver2 -mtune=znver2" Build recipe ------------ If you are interested in the recipe we followed to compile the programming code of GCC, you can find it here: https://gitlab.discoverer.bg/vkolev/recipes/-/tree/main/gcc Getting help ------------ See :doc:`help` .. _`Red Hat Enterprise Linux`: https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux .. _`GCC`: http://gcc.gnu.org .. _`AMD EPYC™ 7xx2-series Processors Compiler Options Quick Reference Guide`: https://developer.amd.com/wordpress/media/2020/04/Compiler%20Options%20Quick%20Ref%20Guide%20for%20AMD%20EPYC%207xx2%20Series%20Processors.pdf .. _`Best Practice Guide - AMD EPYC`: https://prace-ri.eu/wp-content/uploads/Best-Practice-Guide_AMD.pdf .. _`GNU MPFR`: https://www.mpfr.org .. _`GNU GMP`: https://gmplib.org .. _`GNU MPC`: https://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/ .. _`ISL`: https://libisl.sourceforge.io